Coconut Peat bioenergy conversion

Tangible economic value of non-timber forest products from

sago palm, rice, corn, and coconut farmings. However, since the year 2000, the peat swamp forests have been deforested, degraded, and disturbed by fires as the impacts of conversion into industrial forest plantations -scale oil palm plantation estates (Yayasan Mitra Insani 2008; Tropenbos Indonesia 2010). This forest

Biomass upgrading by torrefaction for the production of

Oct 01, 2011 · Abstract. An overview of the research on biomass upgrading by torrefaction for the production of biofuels is presented. Torrefaction is a thermal conversion method of biomass in the low temperature range of 200–300 °C. Biomass is pre-treated to produce a high quality solid biofuel that can be used for combustion and gasification.

Table 2 from Bio-energy from coconut shells. | Semantic Scholar

Bio-energy from coconut shells. @inproceedings{Nagaraja2013BioenergyFC, title={Bio-energy from coconut shells.}, author={Mavinakoppa S. Nagaraja and R. D. Kumar and Govindarajan Ashwanandhini and Vattakkoval Nisha and Lutovska Monika and Aishwarya Lakshmi and C Sumitha and E. Sivaranjani}, year={2013} }

Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from conversion of peat

Here, we present direct measurements of GHGs emitted during the conversion from peat swamp forest to oil palm plantation, accounting for CH 4 and N 2 O as well as CO 2. Our results demonstrate that emissions factors for converted peat swamp forest is in the range 70-117 t CO 2 eq ha -1 yr -1 (95% confidence interval, CI), with CO 2 and N 2 O

3. Bioenergy production - Food and Agriculture Organization

transportation and processing must be taken into account. The conversion efficiency of the product should be considered together with its end use to limit the risk of policy failure. The appropriateness of different bioenergy production systems in economic, environmental and social terms will depend to a large extent on national and local

Biochars produced from coconut palm biomass - Springer

Apr 13, 2020 · Abstract Lignin-rich recalcitrant biomass residues of coconut palms viz. (i) mature coconut husk, (ii) tender (immature or green) coconut husk (iii) coconut leaf petiole and (iv) coir-pith were successfully pyrolysed using a simple charring kiln into carbon-rich, black, light weight and porous biochars. High alkalinity and good ash content made them fit for remediating acid soils. High

The Challenges of Biofuel Implementation in Indonesia

comprehensive studies indicated that if the land use conversion were accounted for, biofuel resulted a much higher of GHG emissions, especially if it was included the rainforest destruction, or conversion of peat lands. For the above reasons, in the near term, the policy priority should be to find ways to

Extent of industrial plantations on Southeast Asian peatlands

Apr 09, 2012 · Between 2000 and 2010, the proportion of forest conversion to plantation dropped to 56%. However, this was mainly due to the seemingly low peat swamp forest conversion rates for new plantations in South Sumatra and Central, South and East Kalimantan provinces where vast areas of forest had already burnt in the late 1990s (Miettinen et al., 2011a).

Soilless Growing Mediums | Oklahoma State University

Soilless media must provide oxygen, water, nutrients and support the plant roots just as soil does. Table 1. Comparison between the cost, lifespan and pH level of various hydroponics mediums. An ideal growing medium should have all or some of the following characteristics: Good aeration and drainage.

Thermochemical conversion strategies of biomass to biofuels

Dec 01, 2021 · This article is an effort to comprehensively review the thermochemical conversion process of biomass to biofuels that also investigates the techno-economic value of each thermochemical conversion option in terms of engineering design, process modeling, and economic evaluation (i.e., existing machinery, labor, and the price of consumables and

Additional supporting evidence for significant iLUC emissions

Feb 18, 2015 · Land-use emission factors are based on Winrock land conversion data and MODIS satellite data, which were used by US EPA (USEPA, 2009) to calculate emission factors for land conversion and reversion. These data were validated by comparing them with actual land-use change data obtained from aircraft surveys and other satellite data (Bauen et al

(PDF) Hydrothermal Carbonization of Peat Moss and Herbaceous

Oct 17, 2018 · The experimental methodology involves three essential steps: (1) sample preparation and characterization, (2) sorption study on oil samples, and (3) HTL study of spent peat sorbent to produce bio

An Overview on the Conversion of Forest Biomass into Bioenergy

Jul 02, 2021 · DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2021.684234 Corpus ID: 235700887; An Overview on the Conversion of Forest Biomass into Bioenergy @inproceedings{Yu2021AnOO, title={An Overview on the Conversion of Forest Biomass into Bioenergy}, author={Qing Yu and Yacheng Wang and Quyet Van Le and Han Yang and Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha and Yafeng Yang and Christian Sonne and Meisam Tabatabaei and Su Shiung Lam and Wanxi

Bioenergy from agroforestry can lead to improved food

Aug 19, 2016 · Land-use changes had negative impacts in some cases. In Indonesia, for instance, conversion of peat swamp forests to oil palm led to significant losses in terms of biodiversity and aboveground biomass carbon, in addition to annual emissions of about 4.6 million Mg of belowground carbon from peat oxidation (Koh et al. 2011).

Integrated technique to produce sustainable bioethanol from

Mar 01, 2022 · Bioethanol, as a sustainable energy produced from lignocellulosic biomass, does not release as many greenhouse gases (GHGs) as fossil-based fuels (coal, peat, oil, gas) [3], [4]. Syngas is produced through thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass via pyrolysis (torrefaction), hydrothermal treatment, gasification, and combustion [5].